PUB. 131
SAILING DIRECTIONS (ENROUTE)
★
WESTERN MEDITERRANEAN
★
Prepared and published by the NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL-INTELLIGENCE AGENCY Bethesda, Maryland
© COPYRIGHT 2008 BY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT NO COPYRIGHT CLAIMED UNDER TITLE 17 U.S.C.
2008
TWELFTH EDITION
Preface
Pub. 131, Sailing Directions (Enroute) for Western Mediterranean, Twelfth Edition, 2008, is issued for use in conjunction with Pub. 140, Sailing Directions (Planning Guide) North Atlantic Ocean, Baltic Sea, North Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea. The companion volume is Pub. 132.
This publication has been corrected to 14 June 2008, including Notice to Mariners No. 24 of 2008.
Explanatory Remarks
Sailing Directions are published by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA), under the authority of Department of Defense Directive 5105.40, dated 12 December 1988, and pursuant to the authority contained in U. S. Code Title 10, Sections 2791 and 2792 and Title 44, Section 1336. Sailing Directions, covering the harbors, coasts, and waters of the world, provide information that cannot be shown graphically on nautical charts and is not readily available elsewhere.
Sailing Directions (Enroute) include detailed coastal and port approach information which supplements the largest scale chart produced by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency. This publication is divided into geographic areas called “Sectors.”
Bearings. – Bearings are true, and are expressed in degrees from 000 ° (north ) to 360 °, measured clockwise. General bearings are expressed by initial letters of points of the compass (e.g. N, NNE, NE, etc.). Adjective and adverb endings have been discarded. Wherever precise bearings are intended degrees are used.
Charts. – Reference to charts made throughout this publication refer to both the paper chart and the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC).
Coastal Features. – It is assumed that the majority of ships have radar. Available coastal descriptions and views, useful for radar and visual piloting are included in geographic sequence in each Sector.
Corrective Information. – Users should refer corrections, additions, and comments to NGA’s Maritime Operations Desk, as follows:
- Toll free: 1-800 -362-6289
- Commercial: 301-227-3147
- DSN: 287-3147
- DNC web site:http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/dnc
- Maritime Domain web site:http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime
- E-mail: navsafety@nga.mil
- Mailing address: Maritime Domain
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
Mail Stop D-44
4600 Sangamore Road
Bethesda MD 20816-5003
New editions of Sailing Directions are corrected through the date of the publication shown above. Important information to amend material in the publication is available as a Publication Digital Update (PDU) from the NGA Maritime Domain web-site.
NGA Maritime Domain Website
http://www.nga.mil/portal/site/maritime
Courses. – Courses are true, and are expressed in the same manner as bearings. The directives “steer” and “make good” a course mean, without exception, to proceed from a point of origin along a track having the identical meridianal angle as the designated course. Vessels following the directives must allow for every influence tending to cause deviation from such track, and navigate so that the designated course is continuously being made good.
Currents. – Current directions are the true directions toward which currents set.
Dangers. – As a rule outer dangers are fully described, but inner dangers which are well-charted are, for the most part, omitted. Numerous offshore dangers, grouped together, are mentioned only in general terms. Dangers adjacent to a coastal passage or fairway are described.
Distances. – Distances are expressed in nautical miles of 1 minute of latitude. Distances of less than 1 mile are expressed in meters, or tenths of miles.
Geographic Names. – Geographic names are generally those used by the nation having sovereignty. Names in parentheses following another name are alternate names that may appear on some charts. In general, alternate names are quoted only in the principal description of the place. Diacritical marks, such as accents, cedillas, and circumflexes, which are related to specific letters in certain foreign languages, are not used in the interest of typographical simplicity. Geographic names or their spellings do not necessarily reflect recognition of the political status of an area by the United States Government.
Heights. – Heights are referred to the plane of reference used for that purpose on the charts and are expressed in meters.
Index-Gazetteer. – Navigational features and place-names are listed alphabetically in the back of the book. The approximate position, along with the Sector and paragraph numbers (e.g. 1.1), facilitate location in the text.
Internet Links. – This publication provides internet links to web sites concerned with maritime navigational safety, including but not limited to, Federal government sites, foreign Hydrographic Offices, and foreign public/private port facilities. NGA makes no claims, promises, or guarantees concerning the accuracy, completeness, or adequacy of the contents of the web sites and expressly disclaims any liability for errors and omissions of these web sites.
Light and Fog Signals. – Lights and fog signals are not described, and light sectors are not usually defined. The Light Lists should be consulted for complete information.
Ports. – Directions for entering ports are depicted where appropriate by means of chartlets, sketches, and photos, which facilitate positive identification of landmarks and navigational aids. These chartlets and sketches are not always to scale, however, and should be used only as a general informational guide in conjunction with the best scale chart. Specific port facilities are omitted from the standard format. They are tabulated in Pub. 150, World Port Index.
Radio Navigational Aids. – Radio navigational aids are not described in detail. Publication No. 117 Radio Navigational Aids and NOAA Publication, Selected Worldwide Marine Broadcasts, should be consulted.
Soundings. – Soundings are referred to the datum of the charts and are expressed in meters.
Special Warnings. – A Special Warning may be in force for the geographic area covered by this publication. Special Warnings are printed in the weekly Notice to Mariners upon promulgation and are reprinted annually in Notice to Mariners No. 1. A listing of Special Warnings currently in force is printed in each weekly Notice to Mariners, Section III, Broadcast Warnings, along with the notice number of promulgation. Special Warnings are also available on the Maritime Division website.
Wind Directions. – Wind directions are the true directions from which winds blow.
Reference List
The principal sources examined in the preparation of this publication were:
British Hydrographic Department Sailing Directions.
French Sailing Directions.
Italian Sailing Directions.
Spanish Sailing Directions.
Various port handbooks.
Reports from United States naval and merchant vessels and various shipping companies.
Other U.S. Government publications, reports, and documents.
Charts, light lists, tide and current tables, and other documents in possession of the Agency.
Conversion Tables
Feet to Meters
| Feet | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.61 | 0.91 | 1.22 | 1.52 | 1.83 | 2.13 | 2.44 | 2.74 |
| 10 | 3.05 | 3.35 | 3.66 | 3.96 | 4.27 | 4.57 | 4.88 | 5.18 | 5.49 | 5.79 |
| 20 | 6.10 | 6.40 | 6.71 | 7.01 | 7.32 | 7.62 | 7.92 | 8.23 | 8.53 | 8.84 |
| 30 | 9.14 | 9.45 | 9.75 | 10.06 | 10.36 | 10.67 | 10.97 | 11.28 | 11.58 | 11.89 |
| 40 | 12.19 | 12.50 | 12.80 | 13.11 | 13.41 | 13.72 | 14.02 | 14.33 | 14.63 | 14.93 |
| 50 | 15.24 | 15.54 | 15.85 | 16.15 | 16.46 | 16.76 | 17.07 | 17.37 | 17.68 | 17.98 |
| 60 | 18.29 | 18.59 | 18.90 | 19.20 | 19.51 | 19.81 | 20.12 | 20.42 | 20.73 | 21.03 |
| 70 | 21.34 | 21.64 | 21.95 | 22.25 | 22.55 | 22.86 | 23.16 | 23.47 | 23.77 | 24.08 |
| 80 | 24.38 | 24.69 | 24.99 | 25.30 | 25.60 | 25.91 | 26.21 | 26.52 | 26.82 | 27.13 |
| 90 | 27.43 | 27.74 | 28.04 | 28.35 | 28.65 | 28.96 | 29.26 | 29.57 | 29.87 | 30.17 |
Fathoms to Meters
| Fathoms | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.00 | 1.83 | 3.66 | 5.49 | 7.32 | 9.14 | 10.97 | 12.80 | 14.63 | 16.46 |
| 10 | 18.29 | 20.12 | 21.95 | 23.77 | 25.60 | 27.43 | 29.26 | 31.09 | 32.92 | 34.75 |
| 20 | 36.58 | 38.40 | 40.23 | 42.06 | 43.89 | 45.72 | 47.55 | 49.38 | 51.21 | 53.03 |
| 30 | 54.86 | 56.69 | 58.52 | 60.35 | 62.18 | 64.01 | 65.84 | 67.67 | 69.49 | 71.32 |
| 40 | 73.15 | 74.98 | 76.81 | 78.64 | 80.47 | 82.30 | 84.12 | 85.95 | 87.78 | 89.61 |
| 50 | 91.44 | 93.27 | 95.10 | 96.93 | 98.75 | 100.58 | 102.41 | 104.24 | 106.07 | 107.90 |
| 60 | 109.73 | 111.56 | 113.39 | 115.21 | 117.04 | 118.87 | 120.70 | 122.53 | 124.36 | 126.19 |
| 70 | 128.02 | 129.85 | 131.67 | 133.50 | 135.33 | 137.16 | 138.99 | 140.82 | 142.65 | 144.47 |
| 80 | 146.30 | 148.13 | 149.96 | 151.79 | 153.62 | 155.45 | 157.28 | 159.11 | 160.93 | 162.76 |
| 90 | 164.59 | 166.42 | 168.25 | 170.08 | 171.91 | 173.74 | 175.56 | 177.39 | 179.22 | 181.05 |
Meters to Feet
| Meters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.00 | 3.28 | 6.56 | 9.84 | 13.12 | 16.40 | 19.68 | 22.97 | 26.25 | 29.53 |
| 10 | 32.81 | 36.09 | 39.37 | 42.65 | 45.93 | 49.21 | 52.49 | 55.77 | 59.06 | 62.34 |
| 20 | 65.62 | 68.90 | 72.18 | 75.46 | 78.74 | 82.02 | 85.30 | 88.58 | 91.86 | 95.14 |
| 30 | 98.42 | 101.71 | 104.99 | 108.27 | 111.55 | 114.83 | 118.11 | 121.39 | 124.67 | 127.95 |
| 40 | 131.23 | 134.51 | 137.80 | 141.08 | 144.36 | 147.64 | 150.92 | 154.20 | 157.48 | 160.76 |
| 50 | 164.04 | 167.32 | 170.60 | 173.88 | 177.16 | 180.45 | 183.73 | 187.01 | 190.29 | 193.57 |
| 60 | 196.85 | 200.13 | 203.41 | 206.69 | 209.97 | 213.25 | 216.54 | 219.82 | 223.10 | 226.38 |
| 70 | 229.66 | 232.94 | 236.22 | 239.50 | 242.78 | 246.06 | 249.34 | 252.62 | 255.90 | 259.19 |
| 80 | 262.47 | 265.75 | 269.03 | 272.31 | 275.59 | 278.87 | 282.15 | 285.43 | 288.71 | 291.99 |
| 90 | 295.28 | 298.56 | 301.84 | 305.12 | 308.40 | 311.68 | 314.96 | 318.24 | 321.52 | 324.80 |
Meters to Fathoms
| Meters | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.00 | 0.55 | 1.09 | 1.64 | 2.19 | 2.73 | 3.28 | 3.83 | 4.37 | 4.92 |
| 10 | 5.47 | 6.01 | 6.56 | 7.11 | 7.66 | 8.20 | 8.75 | 9.30 | 9.84 | 10.39 |
| 20 | 10.94 | 11.48 | 12.03 | 12.58 | 13.12 | 13.67 | 14.22 | 14.76 | 15.31 | 15.86 |
| 30 | 16.40 | 16.95 | 17.50 | 18.04 | 18.59 | 19.14 | 19.68 | 20.23 | 20.78 | 21.33 |
| 40 | 21.87 | 22.42 | 22.97 | 23.51 | 24.06 | 24.61 | 25.15 | 25.70 | 26.25 | 26.79 |
| 50 | 27.34 | 27.89 | 28.43 | 28.98 | 29.53 | 30.07 | 30.62 | 31.17 | 31.71 | 32.26 |
| 60 | 32.81 | 33.36 | 33.90 | 34.45 | 35.00 | 35.54 | 36.09 | 36.64 | 37.18 | 37.73 |
| 70 | 38.28 | 38.82 | 39.37 | 39.92 | 40.46 | 41.01 | 41.56 | 42.10 | 42.65 | 43.20 |
| 80 | 43.74 | 44.29 | 44.84 | 45.38 | 45.93 | 46.48 | 47.03 | 47.57 | 48.12 | 48.67 |
| 90 | 49.21 | 49.76 | 50.31 | 50.85 | 51.40 | 51.95 | 52.49 | 53.04 | 53.59 | 54.13 |
The following Abbreviations may be used in the text:
| Units °C cm cu.m. dwt FEU grt kHz |
degree(s) Centigrade centimeter(s) cubic meter(s) deadweight tons forty-foot equivalent units gross registered tons kilohertz |
km m mb MHz mm nrt TEU |
kilometer(s) meter(s) millibars megahertz millimeter(s) net registered tons twenty-foot equivalent units |
|
| Directions N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE |
north northnortheast northeast east northeast east eastsoutheast southeast southsoutheast |
S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW |
south southsouthwest southwest westsouthwest west westnorthwest northwest northnorthwest |
|
| Vessel types LASh LNG LPG OBO |
Lighter Aboard Ship Liquified Natural Gas Liquified Petroleum Gas Ore/Bulk/Oil |
ro-ro ULCC VLCC |
Roll-on Roll-off Ultra Large Crude Carrier Very Large Crude Carrier |
|
| Time ETA ETD |
estimated time of arrival estimated time of departure |
GMT UTC |
Greenwich Mean Time Coordinated Universal Time | |
| Water level MSL HW LW MHW MLW HWN HWS LWN |
mean sea level high water low water mean high water mean low water high water neaps high water springs low water neaps |
LWS MHWN MHWS MLWN MLWS HAT LAT |
low water springs mean high water neaps mean high water springs mean low water neaps mean low water springs highest astronomical tide lowest astronomical tide |
|
|
Communications D/F R/T LF MF |
direction finder radiotelephone low frequency medium frequency |
HF VHF UHF |
high frequency very high frequency ultra high frequency |
|
| Navigation LANBY NAVSAT ODAS SBM |
Large Automatic Navigation Buoy Navigation Satellite Ocean Data Acquisition System Single Buoy Mooring |
SPM TSS VTC VTS |
Single Point Mooring Traffic Separation Scheme Vessel Traffic Center Vessel Traffic Service |
|
| Miscellaneous COLREGS IALA IHO IMO loa |
Collision Regulations International Association of Lighthouse Authorities International Hydrographic Office International Maritime Organization length overall |
No./Nos. PA PD Pub. St./Ste. |
Number/Numbers Position approximate Position doubtful Publication Saint/Sainte |
Additional chart coverage may be found in CATP2, Catalog of Nautical Charts.